类别：

半结构化和结构化数据函数 （映射）

MAP_CAT

返回两个 MAPs 的连接结果。

语法

MAP_CAT( <map1> , <map2> )

实参

map1

源 MAP。

map2

要追加到 map1 的 MAP。

返回

此函数的返回类型是 map1 的类型。map2 按照强制转换规则被强制转换为 map1 类型。有关强制转换规则的信息，请参阅 隐式转换值（强制）。

使用说明

  • 如果 map1 和 map2 的值具有相同的键，则输出映射包含 map2 中的值。

  • 如果任一实参为 NULL，则此函数返回 NULL 且不报告任何错误。

示例

创建两个 MAPs 并将它们连接起来：

SELECT MAP_CAT(
  {'map1key1':'map1value1','map1key2':'map1value2'}::MAP(VARCHAR,VARCHAR),
  {'map2key1':'map2value1','map2key2':'map2value2'}::MAP(VARCHAR,VARCHAR))
  AS concatenated_maps;

+-----------------------------+
| CONCATENATED_MAPS           |
|-----------------------------|
| {                           |
|   "map1key1": "map1value1", |
|   "map1key2": "map1value2", |
|   "map2key1": "map2value1", |
|   "map2key2": "map2value2"  |
| }                           |
+-----------------------------+

Create a temporary table that contains MAP values:

CREATE OR REPLACE TEMP TABLE demo_maps(
  id INTEGER,
  attrs MAP(VARCHAR, VARCHAR),
  defaults MAP(VARCHAR, VARCHAR),
  keep_keys ARRAY(VARCHAR),
  ins_key VARCHAR,
  ins_val VARCHAR,
  update_existing BOOLEAN,
  del_key1 VARCHAR,
  del_key2 VARCHAR);

INSERT INTO demo_maps SELECT
  1,
  {'color':'red','size':'M','brand':'Acme'}::MAP(VARCHAR, VARCHAR),
  {'currency':'USD','size':'L'}::MAP(VARCHAR, VARCHAR),
  ['color','brand']::ARRAY(VARCHAR),
  'material',
  'cotton',
  TRUE,
  'size',
  'brand';

INSERT INTO demo_maps SELECT
  2,
  {'color':'blue','brand':'ZenCo'}::MAP(VARCHAR, VARCHAR),
  {'currency':'EUR','size':'M','brand':'ZenCo'}::MAP(VARCHAR, VARCHAR),
  ['brand','currency']::ARRAY(VARCHAR),
  'brand',
  'ZC',
  FALSE,
  'currency',
  'material';

查询表以显示数据：

SELECT * FROM demo_maps;

+----+---------------------+----------------------+--------------+----------+---------+-----------------+----------+----------+
| ID | ATTRS               | DEFAULTS             | KEEP_KEYS    | INS_KEY  | INS_VAL | UPDATE_EXISTING | DEL_KEY1 | DEL_KEY2 |
|----+---------------------+----------------------+--------------+----------+---------+-----------------+----------+----------|
|  1 | {                   | {                    | [            | material | cotton  | True            | size     | brand    |
|    |   "brand": "Acme",  |   "currency": "USD", |   "color",   |          |         |                 |          |          |
|    |   "color": "red",   |   "size": "L"        |   "brand"    |          |         |                 |          |          |
|    |   "size": "M"       | }                    | ]            |          |         |                 |          |          |
|    | }                   |                      |              |          |         |                 |          |          |
|  2 | {                   | {                    | [            | brand    | ZC      | False           | currency | material |
|    |   "brand": "ZenCo", |   "brand": "ZenCo",  |   "brand",   |          |         |                 |          |          |
|    |   "color": "blue"   |   "currency": "EUR", |   "currency" |          |         |                 |          |          |
|    | }                   |   "size": "M"        | ]            |          |         |                 |          |          |
|    |                     | }                    |              |          |         |                 |          |          |
+----+---------------------+----------------------+--------------+----------+---------+-----------------+----------+----------+

Concatenate the two MAP columns attrs and defaults:

SELECT id, MAP_CAT(attrs, defaults) AS merged
  FROM demo_maps;

+----+----------------------+
| ID | MERGED               |
|----+----------------------|
|  1 | {                    |
|    |   "brand": "Acme",   |
|    |   "color": "red",    |
|    |   "currency": "USD", |
|    |   "size": "L"        |
|    | }                    |
|  2 | {                    |
|    |   "brand": "ZenCo",  |
|    |   "color": "blue",   |
|    |   "currency": "EUR", |
|    |   "size": "M"        |
|    | }                    |
+----+----------------------+

The output contains the keys and values from both maps. The output also shows that when both map1 in the attr column and map2 in the defaults column have a value with the same key, then the output map contains the value from map2. That is, size L is in the output for row 1 instead of size M.